The Federal Government of Brazil is implementing a comprehensive strategy to expand its international trade capacity and strengthen its role as a key player in Latin America’s global relations. This plan includes 37 new port lease agreements by 2026 and the privatization of navigation channels at five major ports. These efforts are expected to enhance the efficiency and competitiveness of Brazil’s port infrastructure, which is crucial given that 95% of the country’s international trade flows through its ports.
Trade Performance and Future Projections
According to Brazil’s Minister of Ports and Airports, Silvio Costa Filho, the country’s trade performance in 2024 showcased a 3% increase in export volume, reinforcing the importance of ports in economic activity. Over the past decade, port operations have surged by 34%, with public ports leading the growth at 39%. This growth aligns with expectations of heightened trade activity stemming from the Mercosur-European Union trade agreement, which could boost Brazilian exports by $7 billion in the short term, as estimated by ApexBrasil.
“These developments demonstrate Brazil’s readiness to embrace future challenges, particularly as we leverage international agreements such as the Mercosur-EU deal, which covers a quarter of the global economy,” noted Minister Costa Filho.
Investment and Infrastructure Modernization
A cornerstone of the government’s plan is the consistent investment in port infrastructure under the New Growth Acceleration Program (Novo PAC). With a portfolio worth BRL 54.7 billion, primarily from private investment, the Ministry of Ports and Airports has already auctioned 13 port units over the past two years and aims to conduct 37 more auctions by 2026. These investments aim to modernize port facilities and improve the competitiveness of Brazilian exports.
This approach also supports regional development, particularly in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, by decentralizing trade and creating more localized economic opportunities. Additionally, the privatization of navigation channels in ports such as Paranaguá, Santos, Itajaí, Rio Grande, and Salvador is expected to streamline operations. As National Ports Secretary Alex Ávila highlighted, “Private management reduces bureaucracy and accelerates port operations, enabling continuous dredging and accommodation of larger vessels.”
Economic Impact
Data from the Ministry of Development, Industry, Commerce, and Services (MDIC) further emphasize the strategic importance of ports. In 2024, 82.2% of Brazil’s total trade value—$492.5 billion—passed through the country’s ports and terminals, accounting for 97.2% of the total volume transported (967.5 million tons). The trade balance recorded its second-highest surplus of $74.6 billion, with exports reaching $337 billion—a 3% increase in volume. Imports also grew by 9%, driven by a 25.6% rise in capital goods.
Positioning Brazil for the Future
Through its ambitious infrastructure and privatization initiatives, the Brazilian government is preparing the country to capitalize on emerging trade opportunities. By improving port efficiency and modernizing facilities, Brazil aims to secure its position as a leading exporter and a hub for global trade in Latin America.
The ongoing investments and policy shifts represent a significant step toward ensuring that Brazil remains competitive in the global marketplace, fostering economic growth and innovation in the years to come.